What are microorganisms that cause infectious diseases classified as?

Microorganisms that cause infectious diseases are classified as pathogenic because they possess the ability to invade, survive, and multiply within a host organism, leading to disease. Pathogens include various types of microorganisms such as bacteria, viruses, fungi, and parasites that can disrupt normal bodily functions and provoke immune responses. This classification is essential in medical and public health contexts as it helps in identifying the agents responsible for diseases and guiding treatment and prevention strategies.

In contrast, non-pathogenic microorganisms do not cause disease and often play beneficial roles in ecosystems or human health. Beneficial microorganisms, such as those that inhabit the gut, contribute positively to digestion and overall health. Symbiotic organisms engage in close, often mutually beneficial relationships with their hosts, but this does not imply that they cause disease. Understanding these classifications is crucial for developing effective control measures against infectious diseases and comprehending the broader ecology of microorganisms.